Our research group will present our latest findings in 6 oral presentations and 1 poster presentation at ASCE Engineering Mechanics Institute Conference at Caltech The schedule of the presentations is listed below in chronological order. The time and the topics are listed below. Most of our talk will be at 142 Keck 72. Please note that the lectures might not begin on time. 1. A multiscale FE-FFT approach for modeling crack initiation and propagation in polycrystalline rock salt. Poster presentation by postdoc research scientist Dr. Ran Ma. 2. A cooperative game for automated learning of elastoplasticity knowledge graphs and models with AI-guided experimentation. Oral presentation by the PI (WaiChing Sun). MS25, Room: 142 Keck (72) Thursday 20th 10:30 am-10:45 am 3. An adaptive ensemble phase field predictions for localized failures in geological materials. Oral presentation by PhD candidate Kun Wang. MS25, Room: 142 Keck (72) Thursday 20th 10:45 am-11:00 am 4. A micromorphic-regularized anisotropic Cam-clay-type model for capturing size-dependent anisotropy. Oral presentation by PhD student Eric Bryant, MS25, Room: 142 Keck (72) Thursday 20th 10:30 am-10:45 am 5. Shift domain material point method: an image-to-simulation workflow for solids of complex geometries undergoing large deformation. Oral presentation by postdoc research scientist Chuanqi Liu, MS25, Room: 142 Keck (72) Thursday 20th 11:30 am-11:45 am 6. Adaptive mesh-refinement for poromechanics Problems of high-order continua: a configurational force approach, Oral presentation given by Professor SeonHong Na (PhD graduate and former research scientist of the group, now assistant professor at McMaster University), Room 142 Keck (72), Friday 21st, 2 pm-2:15 pm. 7. Bootstrapping critical state plasticity models for predicting cyclic undrained responses of granular Materials with a hierarchical knowledge polytree. Oral presentation by Nikolaos Vlassis, Wednesday 19th, 11:45 am-12:00 pm. 1. A multiscale FE-FFT approach for modeling crack initiation and propagation in polycrystalline rock salt. Poster presentation by postdoc research scientist Dr. Ran Ma.
Rock salt formations are widely considered as potential sites for underground repositories for nuclear wastes due to the low permeability and high thermal conductivity. Nevertheless, the nearly impermeable rock salt may exhibit material failures, such as strain localization and fractures such that leakage may occur within the excavation distributed zone. Crack initiation and propagation within these regions are difficult to predict using conventional damage-plasticity model, due to the anisotropic nature originated from the microstructures of the polycrystal salt. While the phase field fracture model may be effective to reproduce complex fracture patterns at small scales, the length scale material parameter nevertheless limits the mesh size and hence not suitable for field-scale simulations. In this work, we provide an FE-FFT multiscale method for polycrystal rock salt. In the microscale, a fast Fourier transform (FFT) based method is employed to explicitly model the interaction between microcrack and grain boundary, while the microscale quantities are homogenized to investigate the macroscale damage distribution within bulk rock salt. By introducing modification on the Hill-Mandel lemma for the phase field energy-conjugate pair, we introduce upscaling procedure such that the anisotropic responses can be captured. Numerical examples on polycrystal are used to demonstrate the accuracy, robustness, and efficiency of the proposed scheme. 2. A cooperative game for automated learning of elastoplasticity knowledge graphs and models with AI-guided experimentation. Oral presentation by the PI (WaiChing Sun). MS25, Room: 142 Keck (72) Thursday 20th 10:30 am-10:45 am We introduce a multi-agent meta-modeling game to generate data, knowledge, and models that make predictions on constitutive responses of elasto-plastic materials. Based on concepts from directed multigraph theory, we introduce deep reinforcement learning to train two artificial intelligence agents tasked with generating models and data respectively. In this cooperative game, the modeling agent explores all the possible ways to interpret and represent the cause-and-effect relationships among physical attributes and finds an optimal subgraph. This subgraph is the resultant information flow that optimizes an objective function designed to make the most plausible blind prediction for history-dependent materials. We focus on an idealized situation in which the modeling process of path-dependent materials can be represented by a sequence of choice-making decisions where choices (e.g. yield surfaces, flow rules for plastic deformation, strain hardening laws) are made to formulate a sequence of actions to generate constitutive laws. As such, we introduce a new concept where all the modeling options can be recast as a directed multi-graph and each instant/configuration of the model can be understood as a path that links the source of the directed graph (e.g. strain history) to the target (e.g. stress). Meanwhile, the data agent, which is tasked with generating data from real or virtual experiments (e.g. molecular dynamics, discrete element simulations), interacts with the modeling agent sequentially and uses reinforcement learning to design new experiments to optimize the prediction capacity. 3. An adaptive ensemble phase field predictions for localized failures in geological materials. Oral presentation by the PI of Sun group. MS25, Room: 142 Keck (72) Thursday 20th 10:45 am-11:00 am This work presents an adaptive phase field method to employ ensemble predictions for history-dependent materials. We consider a case in which the material responses of a domain can be captured by a weighted sum of constitutive responses from surrogate models, each associated with one phase field and is specialized in one type of predictions (e.g. contractive shear band, mixed-mode fracture). A deep recurrent network is used to generate the driving force that governs the weight function in the space-time continuum. Consequently, the high-fidelity sub-scale modeling is only used to generate incremental constitutive updates in the regions where all surrogate models fail to make good blind predictions and hence become necessary. Meanwhile, the region of less importance is first identified, then assign to a fast surrogate model to enhance efficiency. In the transiting zone where new model is activated, we propose methods to transfer variables that represent loading history among different models. The surrogate models can be automatically generated from our previously developed meta-modeling procedure using experimental data according to different objective functions. As an example, we apply this idea to formulate this multi-model framework to predict two common classes of material failures, brittle fracture and strain localization. A multi-fold cross-validation exercise is conducted to examine the speed, robustness and accuracy of the multi-model predictions. 4. A micromorphic-regularized anisotropic Cam-clay-type model for capturing size-dependent anisotropy. Oral presentation by PhD student Eric Bryant, MS25, Room: 142 Keck (72) Thursday 20th 10:30 am-10:45 am We introduce a micromorphic-regularized anisotropic modified Cam-clay model which captures the size-dependent anisotropic elastoplastic responses for clay, mudstone, shales, and sedimentary rock. To capture the distinctive anisotropic effect induced by the micro-structures of clay particle aggregate, clusters, peds, micro-fabric, and mineral contact, we use a mapping the links the anisotropic stress state to a fictitious stress space to introduce anisotropy to the modified Cam-clay model at the material point scale. Meanwhile, the meso-scale aniostropy is captured via an anisotropic micromorphic regularization model such that the gradient-enhanced plastic flow may exhibit anisotropic responses via a diffusivity tensor. This diffusivity tensor enables the micromorphic regularized model to exhibit plastic flow non-co-axial to the stress gradient of the yield function without introducing non-associate flow rules and hence provide additional degree of freedoms for modelers to capture the size-dependent ansiotropy of geomaterials that exhibits different anisotropic responses across different length scales. Numerical examples are used to examine the volumetric locking and numerical stability issues that may occur at the critical state where isochoric plastic flow dominates the deformation mode. In particular, we present evidence that the micromorphic regularization could also be a potential remedy to overcome the volumetric locking and the spurious checkerboard modes. The influence of the size-dependent anisotropy on the formation and propagation of shear band in the anisotropic material is demonstrated. In the future, we will explore coupling to a phase field fracture model, in order to predict the wide spectrum of brittle and ductile anisotropic responses. 5. Shift domain material point method: an image-to-simulation workflow for solids of complex geometries undergoing large deformation. Oral presentation by postdoc research scientist Chuanqi Liu, MS25, Room: 142 Keck (72) Thursday 20th 11:30 am-11:45 am We introduce a mathematical framework designed to enable a simple image-to-simulation workflow for solids of complex geometries undergoing large deformation in the geometrically nonlinear regime. In particular, we adopt the integration scheme of the material point method to resolve the convergent issues for Lagrangian meshes due to mesh distortion, while using a shifted domain technique originated from Main and Scovazzi 2018 to represent the boundary condition implicitly via a level set or signed distance function. Consequently, this method completely bypasses the need to generate high-quality conformal mesh to represent complex geometries and therefore allows modelers to select the space of the interpolation function without the constraints due to the geometrical need.This important simplification enables us to simulate deformation of complex geometries inferred from voxel images. Verification examples on deformable body subjected to finite rotation have shown that the new shifted domain material point method is able to generate frame-indifference results. Meanwhile, simulations using microCT images of a Hostun sand have demonstrated that this method is able to reproduce the quasi-brittle damage mechanisms of single grain without the excessively concentrated nodes commonly displayed in conformal meshes that represent 3D objects with local fine details. 6. Adaptive mesh-refinement for poromechanics Problems of high-order continua: a configurational force approach, Oral presentation given by Professor SeonHong Na (PhD graduate and former research scientist of the group, now assistant professor at McMaster University), Room 142 Keck (72), Friday 21st, 2 pm-2:15 pm. Mechanical and hydraulic behaviors of many geological materials, such as clay, limestone, and sedimentary rock are inherently anisotropy and size-dependent. This size-dependence can be exploited to formulate high-order models that circumvents the pathological mesh dependence in the softening regimes. However, the onset of deformation band and other forms of strain localization may still lead to sharp displacement and pore pressure gradients that must be resolved properly to maintain accuracy. To resolve this issue, we derive a new configurational force for dissipative fluid-infiltrating porous materials that exhibit gradient-dependent plastic flow. This configurational force takes account of the energy flux due to the gradient terms and hence is a suitable remeshing criterion for higher-order continua. In addition, a Lie algebra internal variable mapping is used such that the history-dependent behaviors for the new configuration can be captured in the new equilibrate state. Our numerical results indicate that the proposed method enables one to resolve sharp gradient without an initial fine mesh. This salient feature is important for simulating hydro-mechanical coupling behaviors in the post-bifurcation regimes. 7. Bootstrapping critical state plasticity models for predicting cyclic undrained responses of granular Materials with a hierarchical knowledge polytree. Oral presentation by Nikolaos Vlassis, Wednesday 19th, 11:45 am-12:00 pm. Predicting cyclic responses of undrained granular materials is a notoriously difficult task. Despite the significant progress made in constitutive modeling, the most advanced elasto-plastic material models typically only yield qualitatively matching predictions on the stress path and pore pressure time history. In this work, we attempt an alternative approach in which multiple material models, each with different strengths and weaknesses are collectively used to make ensemble predictions with an adaptive weighting function. This weighting function is inferred from a hierarchical knowledge graph generated by unsupervised learning. In particular, a set of experimental data is decomposed into multiple subsets via data clustering applied multiple times across scales. These clustered data are then used to train specific models with desirable traits tailored to each cluster. Predictions are then made by weight-averaging these highly specialized models in which the weight evolves to maximize an objective function that estimates the accuracy of the predictions. This divide-and-conquer approach enables complex behaviors to be replicated by simpler predictions propagating through a hierarchy of knowledge mathematically represented by a directed graph. K-fold validation exercises are used to compare this big data approach with the established constitutive laws to analyze the robustness, accuracy, and efficiency of the proposed method.
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